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total organic carbon
Total organic carbon (TOC) is the amount of carbon found in an organic compound and is often used as a non-specific indicator of water quality or cleanliness of pharmaceutical manufacturing equipment. TOC may also refer to the amount of organic carbon in a geological formation, particularly the source rock for a petroleum play; 2% is a rough minimum. For marine surface sediments, average TOC content is 0.5 wt% in the deep ocean, and 2wt% along the eastern margins.〔Katherina Seiter, Christian Hensen, Jürgen Schröter, Matthias Zabel, Organic carbon content in surface sediments—defining regional provinces, Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, Volume 51, Issue 12, December 2004, Pages 2001-2026, ISSN 0967-0637, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2004.06.014.〕
A typical analysis for TOC measures both the total carbon present and the so-called "inorganic carbon" (IC), the latter representing the content of dissolved carbon dioxide and carbonic acid salts. Subtracting the inorganic carbon from the total carbon yields TOC. Another common variant of TOC analysis involves removing the IC portion first and then measuring the leftover carbon. This method involves purging an acidified sample with carbon-free air or nitrogen prior to measurement, and so is more accurately called non-purgeable organic carbon (NPOC).〔 Method 5310A. Also available by online subscription at (www.standardmethods.org )〕
==Analysis==
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